Nephrology is a medical specialty that focuses on the diagnosis, treatment, and management of kidney-related diseases and disorders. This includes conditions such as kidney failure, kidney stones, high blood pressure, and glomerulonephritis. Nephrologists are trained to use a range of diagnostic tools, such as blood and urine tests, imaging studies, and kidney biopsies, to evaluate and diagnose kidney problems.

Dialysis is a treatment option for patients with end-stage kidney disease, where the kidneys are no longer able to filter waste products from the blood effectively. Dialysis involves the use of a machine to filter the blood, removing excess fluids and waste products. There are two types of dialysis: hemodialysis, which involves the use of an artificial kidney (dialyzer), and peritoneal dialysis, which uses the lining of the abdomen (peritoneum) as a filter.

The Kidney Care department of a hospital is responsible for the diagnosis, treatment, and management of kidney-related diseases and disorders. The department is typically staffed by nephrologists, nurses, and other healthcare professionals who specialize in kidney care. The department may also offer dialysis services for patients with end-stage kidney disease. Additionally, the department may provide support and education to patients and their families on kidney health and disease management.